When Germany launched Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, they expected a rapid victory—but instead encountered the Soviet ...

Introduction -- Politics 1940-1941. Europe in July 1940 ; Hitler's ideology and strategy ; The monstrous scheme : a Greater Germanic empire ; Stalin's ideology and strategy -- The eve of war. The ...

The Second World War began on 1 September 1939 when Nazi Germany invaded Poland,[...] ...

A Holy Roman emperor between 1155 and 1190, Frederick Barbarossa ruled a vast domain that included northern Italy and what has become modern-day Germany. Barbarossa (1122-90) ruled for so long and ...