The Ottoman Empire (1299-1923) was one of the longest lasting and most territorially extensive of all empires in history. Yet today few know about its nature, whether in Turkey or abroad. Who were the ...

The Ottoman Empire (1299-1923) was one of the longest lasting and most territorially extensive of all empires in history. Yet today few know about its nature, whether in Turkey or abroad. Who were the ...

They were not part of the Russian Empire, nor the Ottoman Empire, nor Iran. The Russian Empire, at the peak of its military campaign against the indigenous Muslim population in 1863-1864 ...