Other veins that enter the IVC include the hepatic veins, inferior phrenic veins, and lumbar vertebral veins. What makes the IVC different from other veins is that there are no valves within this ...

In that fixated position phrenic stimulation was clearly present ... the lead was firmly fixated in the posterolateral coronary vein. The long delivery sheath was introduced over the lead with ...

pulmonary vein stenosis, systemic embolization, pericardial effusion and tamponade, and phrenic nerve palsy. [3] The use of hybrid therapy consisting of two or more treatment strategies may help ...