The origin of vertebrates was accompanied by the advent of a novel cell type: the neural crest. Emerging from the central nervous system, these cells migrate to diverse locations and differentiate ...

Mitochondria are the body's "energy factories," and their proper function is essential for life. Inside mitochondria, a set ...

Researchers have identified how thyroxine, a human thyroid hormone, can positively influence the life-critical calcification ...

Greenland sharks live for centuries with slow heartbeats and metabolism. Scientists study their longevity secrets.

Fish: Vertebrates that live in water and breathe using gills; Fish are defined as vertebrates (meaning they have a backbone) that live in water and use gills to breathe.

Myelin appears suddenly in vertebrates, animals with backbones that arose 500 million years ago. Not a trace of it is found in the ancestral line that preceded the arrival of vertebrates.

Vertebrates May Have Used Vocal Communication More Than 100 Million Years Earlier Than We Thought Animals with a backbone may have first emitted something akin to bleeps, grunts, crackles, toots ...

One possibility is that intelligence in vertebrates — animals with backbones, including mammals and birds — evolved once. In that case, both groups would have inherited the complex neural pathways ...

My, what small teeth they had. A newfound treasure trove of ancient fish fossils unearthed in southern China is opening a window into the earliest history of jawed vertebrates — a group that ...

Ancient fish fossil find places puzzling species among jawed vertebrates; China vows to achieve reunification, counter separatism; China-donated tents seen in relief shelter in Mandalay, Myanmar ...

The night lizards may have been the only terrestrial vertebrates that survived in the region of the asteroid impact 66 ...