Background Immune-mediated processes leading to childhood type 1 diabetes may begin in fetal life. We hypothesised that a ...

Background Child dental caries is highly prevalent worldwide, with significant treatment costs, but its broader societal ...

Background Announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018, the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) aims to incentivise the reformulation of soft drinks. The SDIL has successfully decreased the ...

JECH is a leading international journal devoted to publication of original research and reviews covering applied, methodological and theoretical issues with emphasis on studies using multidisciplinary ...

Background Evidence suggests historical redlining shaped the built environment and health outcomes in urban areas. Only a handful of studies have examined redlining’s association with air pollution ...

Methods This study used data from 208 309 observations collected between 2006 and 2021 from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. Neighbourhood disadvantage was measured via a ...

Background Negative associations between neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and health are well documented. However, ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the association between socioeconomic status and mortality rates cuts across the major causes of death for middle aged and elderly men. DESIGN 25 year ...

Background The early identification of individuals at risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has major public health implications for Alzheimer’s disease prevention. Objective This study aims to ...

Meta-analysis is a method to obtain a weighted average of results from various studies. In addition to pooling effect sizes, meta-analysis can also be used to estimate disease frequencies, such as ...