Mitochondrial respiratory complexes (Complexes I–V) and their assembly into respiratory supercomplexes (SCs) are fundamental to liver bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and metabolic adaptability.

Creatine’s main sales pitch is already strong. The single-ingredient supplement—among the most thoroughly researched in the nutrition category—is scientifically shown to accelerate muscle growth and ...

Protons, the positively charged particles that help build every atom in our bodies, are starting to look less like classical billiard balls and more like quantum actors. A growing body of research now ...