Following the issues related to the quality of the evidence, the certainty of evidence for the placebo comparisons should arguably be downgraded two levels due to a ‘high risk’ of bias, two levels in ...

In Ghana, truth often wears a kente veil. It smiles. It nods. It gestures. But rarely does it speak in plain words, especially when the truth is a “No”. We live in a culture where directness is often ...

The greater the likelihood of substantial differences the more advisable rating down for indirectness. This is the fifth paper in a series describing Core GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, ...

“I wasn’t ready for the level of indirectness and pecking order.” At the time, Gonzales was a failed pop star turned Berlin-based expat and electro-rap curiosity – not high up in many ...

“In many English-speaking contexts, especially those that value indirectness [and bear in mind this is the UK version], ‘yourself’ signals a kind of respectful diplomacy.” ...

Introduction The association between inflammation and cancer has been extensively discussed since 1,863, when Virchow observed that tumors frequently develop at sites of chronic inflammation (1).

GRADE assessments will examine the quality of evidence based on five domains (eg, risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision and publication bias) and will result in a given outcome being ...