Turbulence at centimeter scales plays a pivotal role in shaping the overturning circulation of the deep ocean (1, 2), as well as the ocean’s capacity to distribute and store climate-critical tracers ...

The Cry proteins are pore-forming toxins produced by various strains of Bt to aid the bacteria in killing and growing on insects that happen to consume bacterial spores loaded with these crystalline ...

The carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CH 4 (δ13 C CH4) is a powerful tool for tracking the sources and sinks of atmospheric CH 4. Different CH 4 sources have distinctive δ 13 C CH4 values: ...

Crystallization of the lunar magma ocean yielded a chemically unique liquid residuum named KREEP. This component is expressed as a large patch on the near side of the Moon and a possible smaller patch ...

Circulating monocytes are recruited to the tumor microenvironment, where they can differentiate into macrophages that mediate tumor progression. To reach the tumor microenvironment, monocytes must ...

Recent reports suggest that the US administration plans to eliminate the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Office of Research and Development (ORD) (1, 2). Most staff would be cut, with ...

A cure for chronic hepatitis B requires eliminating or permanently silencing covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). A pivotal target of this approach is the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBx), ...

Mammals are diploid creatures. Every cell in their body contains two sets of chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father. Mouse embryos with only paternal genomes can not develop to term, ...

Heritable microbes can regulate insect reproduction in diverse ways (1). For example, some symbionts which have been called reproductive manipulators, cause cytoplasmic incompatibility, male-killing, ...

In the field of cooperation, the vast majority of research revolves around proposing and analyzing mechanisms for cooperation. These mechanisms respond to plausible hypothesis and tend to shift ...

Cell-based therapy using satellite stem cells (SSCs) holds tremendous potential for enhancing muscle regeneration. However, conventional isolation methods often yield heterogeneous cell populations ...

Rapid pathogen detection is crucial for effective disease management, particularly in bloodstream infections. Current molecular diagnostics often require nucleic acid preamplification, adding time and ...