Most humans alive today can trace a very small percentage of their DNA to Neanderthals. However, Neanderthal DNA is slightly more abundant in the genomes of certain populations.

These Neanderthals lived 50,000 years ago in the Altai mountains of Russia. The remains under study—17 bone and tooth samples belonging to 13 individuals—came from two caves about 100km apart.

A Neanderthal skeleton on display in 2018 at the Musee de l'Homme in Paris. Researchers extracted DNA from bones found in Russia to learn more about how their communities were organized.

Neanderthal brain organoids reveal what makes us human. A new study details brain organoids grown with the Neanderthal variant of NOVA1, a gene that influences neurodevelopment and function.

The teeth from a Neanderthal nicknamed Thorin were found in a cave in France. He lived about 40,000 to 45,000 years ago in an isolated community of the now extinct hominins.

The earliest Neanderthal-like fossils are about 430,000 years old, but major parts of the Neanderthal origin story remain unclear. Altamura Man's skull might change that.

The Neanderthal clan — including a father and his daughter — perished together about 54,000 years ago, according to a study. Accessibility statement Skip to main content Democracy Dies in Darkness ...