Five ports are usually placed (see Figure 11). Port A, used for the 30º scope, is inserted in the sixth intercostal space about 3.5 to 5 cm behind the posterior axillary line.

The axillary apex is the interval between the superior border of the scapula, the posterior border of the clavicle, ... it would denote the mid-axillary line. Contents of the Axilla.

Three ports were guided by index finger and placed at the anterior axillary line (5-mm port), the subcostal posterior axillary line (12-mm port), and the previous mid-axillary line (10-mm port).

Three years prior to admission the patient developed an annoying and slightly painful sensation in the right posterior axillary line overlying the tenth and eleventh ribs. She likened the ...

The brachial nodes are located relative to the axillary vein’s medial (near the middle) and posterior portions. The central axillary lymph nodes are located inside the adipose tissue near the ...

In particular, the use of radiotherapy, particularly when a posterior axillary field is used, increases lymphedema rates significantly. 13 Decompressive and massage therapy for lymphedema provide ...

Presentation of Case A sixty-six-year-old, Albanian-born, retired painter was admitted to the hospital because of abnormal x-ray films of the chest. Four years previously he entered another hospita ...