Following the issues related to the quality of the evidence, the certainty of evidence for the placebo comparisons should arguably be downgraded two levels due to a ‘high risk’ of bias, two levels in ...

In Ghana, truth often wears a kente veil. It smiles. It nods. It gestures. But rarely does it speak in plain words, especially when the truth is a “No”. We live in a culture where directness is often ...

Researchers at Karolinska Institutet publish over 7,000 articles in scientific journals each year. Listed here are current articles to which our researchers have contributed and that have been ...

Over the past decades, world leaders and engineers have made tremendous attempts to meet rising energy needs while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Their initiatives increase the demand for the ...

(3) Indirectness of evidence Two types of indirectness are relevant. First, a review comparing the effectiveness of alternative interventions (say A and B) may find that randomized trials are ...