Reading time: 1 minute Reinforcement Bar Cutoffs and Bend Points It is common practice to cut or bend main reinforcement in beams and slabs where it is no longer required. But tensile steel should ...

2. Crib Retaining Wall Crib retaining walls are a form of gravity wall. They are constructed of interlocking individual boxes made from timber or pre-cast concrete. Then, the boxes are filled with ...

Reading time: 1 minute Road transportation is an essential network for any country. This article discusses the classification of roads based on many factors, such as materials, locations, and traffic.

Reading time: 1 minute In an era when sustainability has become an important benchmark for forward-thinking buildings, it's inspiring to see how far architecture and design have come in the pursuit of ...

Reading time: 1 minute This article gives you a holistic idea about two popular project management techniques: PERT and CPM. In this article, you will learn about the significance, uses, methodology ...

Reading time: 1 minute Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite is a type of material wherein a polymer is reinforced with fibers, falling into the category of composite materials. These materials are ...

where: l u: unsupported length of the member r: radius of gyration of its cross section K: constant to reflect end conditions of the column; distance between two inflection points (Alignment chart is ...

Reading time: 1 minute Concrete mix ratios are the proportions of concrete components such as cement, sand, aggregates and water. These mix ratios are decided based on type of construction and mix ...

Reading time: 1 minute Underpinning is a method for repair and strengthening of building foundations. Underpinning methods, procedures and their applications in strengthening of different types of ...

Reading time: 1 minute Bridge bearings are structural equipment or devices installed between bridge substructure and superstructure to transfer the applied load including earthquake loads; wind loads; ...

Reading time: 1 minute A pipeline represents a complex network of pipes meticulously designed to transport fluids such as oil, natural gas, or other petroleum-based products over extensive distances, ...

Reading time: 1 minute There are various causes of cracks in concrete structures. Cracks such as plastic shrinkage cracks, settlement cracks, various types of cracks in fresh and hardened concrete and ...