“Humans and fish aren’t close evolutionary cousins,” Siek said. “We’re part of the same phylum called Chordata. We share a ...

Model vertebrates are extensively studied non-human vertebrates (species with a notochord, or vertebral column) chosen for the ease of investigating particular biological phenomena in areas such ...

A major event in vertebrate evolution was the transition from aquatic to terrestrial life, made possible by the emergence of new structures such as limbs and the neck. In an article published ...

By contrast, adaptive immunity, which involves lymphocyte-like cells and the antigen-binding receptors they express, is restricted to vertebrates. A major departure in adaptive immunity is evident ...

This important study explores the conserved role of IgM in both systemic and mucosal antiviral immunity in teleosts, challenging established views on the differential roles of IgT and IgM. The ...

Animals are divided into two main groups. Animals that have a backbone are called vertebrates. Animals that don't have a backbone are called invertebrates. Vertebrates and invertebrates are ...

While the exterior of vertebrate bodies appears bilaterally symmetrical, internal organ positioning and morphology frequently exhibit left-right (L-R) asymmetries. In several vertebrates, including ...

If we give Blob some legs and a head then he can start to move about. There are lots of vertebrates in the animal kingdom. Slide 1 of 5, , Mammals: Lions, humans and dolphins Mammals breathe ...

A fossil analysis suggests that the yunnanozoan, a wormlike fish that flourished around 520 million years ago, sported structures that were the precursors of the head and jaws of modern vertebrates.

This story appears in the October 2017 issue of National Geographic magazine. From scales to feathers to fur, vertebrates clothe themselves in a dazzling variety of textures and hues. But ...