There are many other variations of Raman spectroscopy including surface-enhanced Raman, resonance Raman, tip-enhanced Raman, polarized Raman, stimulated Raman, transmission Raman, spatially-offset Raman, and hyper Raman.

These techniques include stimulated Raman scattering and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, as well as surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopies. The present review provides the reader with an understanding of the fundamental physics that govern the Raman effect and its advantages, limitations and applications.

A typical Raman spectrum of a polycrystalline substance (coumarin) showing the Rayleigh line, and both the Stokes and anti-Stokes sides of the Raman spectrum on wavelength, absolute wavenumber, and relative wavenumber (or Raman shift) scales.

Different aspects of fibre analysis were studied via Raman Spectroscopy, observed variations due to the method of mounting the dye particles, spectral degradation, fluorescence, resonance enhancement and laser wavelengths.

This review briefly presents the physical origin of Raman scattering, explaining the key classical and quantum mechanical concepts. Variations of the Raman effect will also be considered, including resonance, coherent, and enhanced Raman scattering.